How SPF is tested
The laboratory method behind the number, the dose it assumes, and why real world protection is lower.
UVA, UVB and PA
Two parts of the spectrum, three rating systems, and how to compare a UK label with an imported one.
How much to apply
Six to seven teaspoons for a body, two fingers for a face, and what halving the dose really costs.
Does sunscreen expire
Period after opening symbols, heat damage, separation and when a half used bottle is no longer protecting you.
Reef safe claims
An unregulated phrase, a contested body of research, and a set of real destination restrictions.
Vitamin D
The trade off that mostly is not one, and why UK latitude matters more than your sunscreen.
How to read a UK label
SPF, the UVA circle and star rating, the filter list, water resistance claims and the dates that matter.
Trialling on sensitive skin
Patch trials, ingredient lists, stinging against a genuine reaction, and when to ask a pharmacist.
Pilling under foundation
Why a sunscreen rolls up under make up, how application order and base chemistry cause it, and what fixes it.
Introducing Sunscreen When Skin Reacts Easily
A cautious sequence for trying sunscreen on reactive skin, from a small-area check to layering under make-up and comparing similar shelf claims.
SPF moisturiser or foundation versus standalone sunscreen
Compare SPF moisturiser, SPF foundation and standalone sunscreen for daily wear, make-up compatibility, stated factor and product information.
Then apply it at the shelf
The eight category reviews turn all of this into a buying decision, scored out of 100.